David J. Kramer is the executive director of the George W. Bush Institute. He served as assistant secretary of state for democracy, human rights, and labor and as deputy assistant secretary of state for Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and Moldova during the George W. Bush administration.
Articles by
David J. Kramer
Russian leader Vladimir Putin is seen on a screen in Red Square as he addresses a rally and a concert in central Moscow on Sept. 30, 2022.
Belarusian President Aleksandr Lukashenko watches training launches of ballistic missiles as part of the Grom-2022 Strategic Deterrence Force exercise at the Russian Defense Ministry in Moscow on Feb. 19, 2022.
Georgian Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili takes off his protective facemask before delivering a speech at the Georgian Parliament, in Tbilisi, on Feb. 22.
Russian President Vladimir Putin welcomes Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev ahead of an informal Commonwealth of Independent States leaders summit at the Novo-Ogaryovo state residence outside Moscow on Dec. 26, 2017. (Alexey Druzhinin/AFP/Getty Images)
Russian President Vladimir Putin attends the Dialogue of Emerging Market and Developing Countries on the sidelines of the 2017 BRICS Summit in Xiamen, southeastern China's Fujian Province on September 5, 2017.
Xi opened the annual summit of BRICS leaders that already has been upstaged by North Korea's latest nuclear weapons provocation. / AFP PHOTO / POOL / WU HONG (Photo credit should read WU HONG/AFP/Getty Images)
